Fig. 2

Rehabilitation status of the patient’s right upper limb and improvement in EEG. a Before rehabilitation therapy, the doctor adjusted the epilepsy stimulation mode of the vagus nerve stimulator to the stroke mode. b Preoperative VNS, the left upper limb required assistance for elevation, and the fingers were contracted and unable to extend. c At 42 days post-VNS, the left upper limb still required assistance for elevation, but the muscle tone in the fingers decreased, allowing for partial extension. d At 90 days post-VNS, the left upper limb could be elevated independently, and both muscle tone and extension function of the fingers further improved. e Preoperative scalp EEG indicated a high amplitude of sharp slow waves in the right central parietal area. f At 90 days post-VNS, a follow-up EEG showed a significant reduction in sharp slow waves in the right central parietal area compared to the preoperative measurements