Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients before VNS device implantation
Characteristics | Patients (n = 103) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Frequency | % | ||
Male sex | 57 | 55.3 | |
Age group |  < 10 years | 2 | 1.9 |
10–20 years | 21 | 20.4 | |
21–30 years | 28 | 27.2 | |
31–40 years | 36 | 35.0 | |
41–50 years | 10 | 9.7 | |
 > 50 years | 6 | 5.8 | |
Nationality | Saudi | 98 | 95.1 |
Non-Saudi | 5 | 4.9 | |
Abnormal perinatal history | 14 | 13.6 | |
Family history of epilepsy | 15 | 14.6 | |
Abnormal development | 44 | 42.7 | |
Etiology | Genetic | 14 | 13.6 |
Structural | 39 | 37.9 | |
Posttraumatic | 8 | 7.8 | |
Postinfectious | 3 | 2.9 | |
Unknown etiology | 30 | 29.1 | |
Others | 9 | 8.7 | |
Seizure type | Generalized epilepsy | 102 | 99.0 |
Focal epilepsy | 1 | 1.0 | |
Seizure semiology | Generalized tonic–clonic seizures | 95 | 92.2 |
Symmetric tonic seizures | 3 | 2.9 | |
Myoclonic seizure | 2 | 1.9 | |
Seizure duration (min), mean ± SD | 1.9 ± 1.4 | ||
Seizure frequency, mean ± SD | 6.9 ± 7.3 | ||